除鐵機(jī)是除去原料中鐵雜質(zhì)或含磁性物質(zhì)的設(shè)備，而這里所說除鐵(也稱磁先，即磁場(chǎng)分選)是基于被分離物料中不同組分的磁性差異，采用不同類型的除鐵機(jī)將物料中不同磁性組分分離的選礦方法。磁鐵的磁力所作用的周圍空間稱為磁場(chǎng)。表示磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)弱的物理量稱為磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度，常用符號(hào)H 表示，單位是A/m 。而礦物磁性差異是磁選的依據(jù)。礦物的磁性可以測(cè)出，根據(jù)其磁性強(qiáng)弱程度可把礦物分為三類：非磁性礦物、弱磁性礦物、強(qiáng)磁性礦物。在除鐵機(jī)的磁場(chǎng)中，非磁性礦物不受磁力或受微弱的磁力 ;弱磁性礦物所受磁力較小;強(qiáng)磁性礦物所受磁力最大。

Iron removing machine is to remove iron impurities or raw materials containing magnetic material of the equipment, which in addition to iron (also known as the first magnetic field, separation) were separated by different components of magnetic materials based on differences, different types of iron removal machine dressing method in materials with different magnetic separation. The magnetic field around a magnet is called a magnetic field. The physical strength of the magnetic field strength is called the magnetic field strength. The common symbol H indicates that the unit is A/m. The difference of mineral magnetism is the basis of magnetic separation. The magnetic properties of minerals can be measured. According to the degree of magnetic strength, minerals can be divided into three categories: non-magnetic minerals, weak magnetic minerals and strong magnetic minerals. In the magnetic field of the iron removal machine, non-magnetic minerals are not affected by the magnetic force or weak magnetic force, the magnetic force of the weak magnetic minerals is small, and the magnetic force of the strong magnetic minerals is the largest.

在磁選過程中，礦粒受到多種力的作用，除磁力外，還有重力、離心力、水流作用力及摩擦力等。當(dāng)磁性礦粒所受磁力大于其余各力之和時(shí)，就會(huì)從物料流中被吸出或偏離出來，成為磁性產(chǎn)品，余下的則為非磁性產(chǎn)品，達(dá)到不同磁性礦物的分離目的，因此除鐵機(jī)在礦業(yè)中應(yīng)用十分廣泛，是礦業(yè)中使用的最主要磁選設(shè)備。

In the process of magnetic separation, the mineral particles are subjected to a variety of forces, in addition to magnetic force, there are gravity, centrifugal force, flow force and friction, etc.. When the magnetic particles are larger than the rest of the magnetic force and time, will be sucked out or away from from the material stream, become magnetic products, the remaining are non magnetic products, to achieve the separation of different magnetic minerals, so in addition to the application of iron in mining industry is very extensive, is the main use of mineral separation equipment in the industry.